Parties to the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict are obliged to prepare in peacetime to safeguard cultural property in their territory from the foreseeable effects of armed conflict. In the past, relatively few Parties appeared to take this obligation seriously. Today, however, the challenge is less one of will than of capacity, including knowing what to do. General guidance as to what to do is the focus of this contribution.